Helix-Somal CBD

The Cannabis genus of flowering plants mainly comprises the sativa and indica species. Indigenous to Central and South Asia, cannabis was used for millennia to produce hemp fiber for rope, clothing, bowstrings, and paper; for its seeds and seed oils; as livestock feed; and for medicine, religious ceremonies, and recreation. Hemp is now a worldwide crop used to make cordage, construction material, paper, and textiles, as well as for edible seeds, milk, and oil.

The two major neuroactive components in cannabis are the psychoactive Li9-tetrahydro­ cannabinol (Li9-THC) and the non-psychoactive cannabidiol (CBD). We use non-psychoactive to indicate a lack of psychotropic effects that produce a 'high' similar to Li9-THC; however, CBD can have some anti-anxiety and other behavioral effects. C. sativa usually has higher Li9-THC:CBD ratios than C. indica. Sativa strains often have more psychotropic effects, and are more stimulating, while indica strains are typically more sedating. Li9-THC activates the endocannabinoid system, which consists of G-protein-coupled cannabinoid (CB) receptors,

synthetic and degradative enzymes, and transporters. In the central nervous system, this system influences synaptic communication and modulates eating, anxiety, learning and memory, and growth and development.

Medicinal preparations from the flowers and resin of C. sativa have been used in China since ~2700 BCE to treat menstrual disorders, gout, rheumatism, malaria, constipation, and absent­ mindedness. In medieval times, Islamic physicians used cannabis to treat nausea and vomiting, epilepsy, inflammation, pain, and fever. Western medicine used cannabis widely in the 1800s; before aspirin, it was a common analgesic drug. More recently, cannabis has been used to treat glaucoma, pain, nausea and vomiting, muscle spasms, insomnia, anxiety, and epilepsy. Evidence for efficacy varies substantially for different indications, with the best data in painful HIV­ associated sensory neuropathy, chronic pain, chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting1, and spasms in patients with multiple sclerosis. Other medicinal uses for cannabis have been proposed (discussed below), but none has been examined in well-controlled clinical trials.

Orrin Devinsky,' Maria Roberta Gilio, 2 Helen Cross, 3 Javier Fernandez-Ruiz, 4 Jacqueline French, 1 Charlotte Hill, 13 Russell Katz, 5 Vincenzo Di Marzo, 0 Didier Jutras-Aswad, 7 William George Notcutt, 8 Jose Martinez-Orgado, 􀀠 Philip J. Robson. 10 Brian G. Rohrback. 11 Elizabeth Thiele. 12 Beniamin Whalley. 13 and Daniel Friedman' C.sativa produces more than 80 terpenophenolic compounds called cannabinoids, which are present in varying relative proportions depending on the strain. Isolation and characterization of these highly lipophilic compounds led to studies that found that psychotropic effects are due to l\9-THC (.Ei&..1),

which is produced from the corresponding acid derivative following heating. CBD (Fig. 1) was isolated in 1940 and its structure elucidated in 1963, while L\9-THC was isolated and characterized in 1964, and for the next 30 years, most chemical and pharmacological research focused on l\9-THC because of its psychotropic activity and the associated socio political ramifications. However, it was not until the late 1980s that l\9-THC was found to bind to two G-protein-coupled cell membrane receptors, consequently named the cannabinoid type 1 (CB1) and type 2 (CB2) receptors, to exert its effects. Thereafter, anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol, CB1 and CB2 endogenous ligands, were identified in animals and named endocannabinoids. CB1 receptors are found primarily in the brain but also in several peripheral tissues. CB2 receptors are mainly found in immune and hematopoietic cells, but can become upregulated in other tissues.

CBD works on a cannabinoid signaling system in the brain. This signaling system plays a role in regulating pleasure, memory, thinking, concentration, body movement, awareness of time, appetite, pain, and sensory processing. CBD appears to have a neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effect on the brain, leading researchers to look at many applications for a number of disorders. CBD Oil has been shown to have many potential benefits, including anxiety relief, anti-seizure effects for epilepsy, neuroprotective effects for the brain, pain relief, and cancer treatment.

Here are several health benefits of CBD oil that are backed by scientific evidence:

  1. Can relieve pain

  2. Can reduce anxiety and depression

  3. Can Alleviate Cancer-Related Symptoms

  4. May Reduce Acne

  5. Might Have Neuroprotective Properties

  6. Could Benefit Heart Health

  7. Several Other Potential Benefits

Nigella Sativa:

Black seed oil is pressed from the seeds of a flowering shrub, Nigella sativa. The plant is packed with thymoquinone, a compound which may have cancer-fighting powers. Black seed oil has been in use for thousands of years for medicine, food, and even cosmetics. Today, many people reach for it for the same reason you'd take an aspirin or ibuprofen: In hopes that it targets inflammation and tamps it down. It also has substances that can help protect cells from damage. In many parts of the world, Nigella sativa seeds are used as traditional medicine for obesity, diabetes, and high blood pressure. In some small studies, supplements made with it have shown to lower levels of cholesterol and blood fats called triglycerides. One small study suggests that taking black seed oil every day may lessen joint swelling and stiffness resulting from Rheumatoid Arthritis. Additionally, studies with both infertile men and rats have found that black seed oil can boost sperm count and help sperm swim faster. Antioxidants in the oil likely help protect sperm from damage.

Nigel/a satim L. is an annual herb and cultivated largely in the East Mediterranean region. Seeds used in traditional folk medicine for the treatment of various purposes in the systems of Unani, Ayurveda, Chinese and Arabic. Nigel/a satim seed oil was isolated using soxhlet hexane extraction process. GC'-MS analysis identified a total of 32 compounds among which 9-eicosyne ( 63.04%), linoleic acid (13.48%), palmitic acid (9.68%) were the major constituents. Saturated aliphatic fatty acid accounted 63.04% of the seed oil extract. Fatty acid and monoterpene hydrocarbon constituted 23.26% and 4.91 % respectively.

Also the seed oil included compounds of alkanes and sesquiterpene hydrocarbons that constituted 2.84%, and 0.30% respectively. The seed oil was estimated for its chemical compounds and antioxidant activity using in vitro assays such as DPPH, ABTS, nitric oxide, hydrogen peroxide and total antioxidant scavenging capacity. Higher antioxidant scavenging activity of TAC and ABTS was found in seed oil.

The seed oil contains higher percentage of fatty acids and exhibit antioxidant activity which are useful for preparation of nutritional products Black cumin (Nigella sativa L., Kalonji), is a well-known medicinal food plant with a long history of ethno-medicinal uses. Its active ingredients are mainly concentrated in the essential oil of the seed. The plant has been widely used as an analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antimicrobial, antioxidant and gastro-protective agent. It has been demonstrated that the therapeutic properties of N sativa are due to the presence of thymoquinone, a major biologically active constituent of the essential oil, along with other high-value components such as linoleic acid, nigellone (dithymoquinone), nigilline, melanthin, and trans­anethole. The present review mainly focuses on the detailed phytochemical, nutritional, and therapeutic aspects of the seed and seed oil of N sativa so as to explore their potential applications for the development of innovative functional foods, nutraceuticals, and pharmaceuticals as well as to help establish the scientific basis for the widespread traditional medicinal uses of this multipurpose spice.